China deploys 150-satellite network for real-time environmental monitoring

China has established a comprehensive space-air-ground-sea environmental monitoring network supported by around 150 satellites, significantly strengthening its ecological protection capabilities, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

Officials confirmed that the system integrates satellite, aerial, terrestrial and marine data to deliver high-precision, large-scale environmental monitoring. A newly launched satellite, equipped with advanced lidar and hyperspectral instruments, enables both active and passive detection of greenhouse gases – a capability achieved for the first time globally.

The ministry currently operates a core group of environmental and atmospheric satellites while also coordinating data from more than 140 additional civilian systems, reports China Daily, a partner of TV BRICS.

Using multispectral sensors with rapid revisit cycles, the network conducts full “health checks” every two months across approximately 3.3 million square kilometres of protected natural areas and regions under strict environmental regulation.

The system also enables regular monitoring of around 21,000 kilometres of mainland coastline and 100,000 square kilometres of coastal waters each quarter, helping detect environmental damage and unauthorised activity.

Advanced hyperspectral technology further enhances precision, allowing scientists to identify atmospheric components and measure trace gases such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde. This supports more effective air quality management and pollution control.

On a global scale, the network can pinpoint methane emissions from sources including oil and gas infrastructure, coal mining operations and landfill sites, tracing leaks directly to their origin.

In addition, radar-equipped satellites ensure continuous, all-weather monitoring, unaffected by cloud cover or low light conditions, significantly improving reliability and response times.