New artificial intelligence system predicts dust storms, wildfires and smog worldwide up to five days in advance
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Photo source: WANAN YOSSINGKUM / iStock
Chinese scientists have developed the world’s first artificial intelligence model capable of forecasting atmospheric aerosols on a global scale, marking a significant breakthrough in environmental monitoring and early warning systems, as reported by Xinhua News Agency, a partner of TV BRICS.
The model can generate high-precision environmental and meteorological forecasts for the entire planet within one minute, covering a five-day period with updates every three hours. The technology is expected to strengthen early warnings for major aerosol-related hazards such as dust storms, wildfire smoke, and urban smog.
The research was led by specialists from the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences in cooperation with several international scientific institutions. The system was trained using 42 years of global aerosol reanalysis data comprising around 120,000 observation time steps.
The model predicts a wide range of environmental variables, including key aerosol components such as dust, sulphates, black carbon and organic carbon. It also analyses their optical properties, near-surface concentrations and associated meteorological factors. The model operates at a spatial resolution of approximately 50 kilometres, allowing detailed global monitoring of atmospheric conditions.
Traditional forecasting systems typically calculate aerosol dynamics separately from meteorological parameters, limiting their ability to capture the full interaction between particles and atmospheric conditions. By contrast, the AI-based model integrates aerosols with variables such as temperature, wind speed and air pressure, enabling a more accurate simulation of atmospheric evolution.
The system has already moved from research to operational use. It is currently being applied by the national meteorological service and regional forecasting centres in more than ten Chinese provinces.
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