China identifies genetic mechanism for mammalian organ regeneration

Chinese researchers have made a new scientific breakthrough by identifying a genetic switch that enables tissue regeneration in mammals, a discovery that could reshape the future of regenerative medicine and treatment of organ injuries. This is reported by Xinhua News Agency, a partner of TV BRICS.

The study reveals that reactivating a dormant genetic pathway linked to Vitamin A metabolism allows regeneration of ear tissue in rodents. This process, commonly absent in mammals but active in species like fish and salamanders, opens new avenues for repairing damaged organs in humans.

The research team found that the inability of most mammals to regenerate tissue stems from insufficient activation of the gene Aldh1a2 after injury. This gene is responsible for producing retinoic acid (RA), a compound essential for tissue repair.

By introducing a gene enhancer from rabbits or directly supplying RA, scientists restored regenerative capacity in mice and rats. The ear pinna model, chosen due to its varying regenerative potential across species, proved ideal for studying evolutionary differences in tissue healing.

Researchers believe the findings provide a scientific basis for future strategies to promote regeneration in tissues and organs that typically do not heal naturally.

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